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How to Differentiate Between Moles and the Skin Cancer Melanoma
It’s common to notice new moles appearing on our skin, particularly for those that previously did not exist. While some moles may have been present since childhood, others can develop later in life, often without a clear cause. Research indicates that prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light may be associated with an increase in mole formation, suggesting that individuals with extensive sun exposure might be at higher risk of developing new moles.
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Types of Moles
Moles can be categorised into three main types, each with distinct characteristics:
Dermal Moles:
These moles are located in the deeper layers of the skin and may appear raised. They can also be accompanied by hair growth. Due to their depth, dermal moles can be more complex to remove.
Junctional Moles:
Junctional moles are typically flat and are located between the epidermis and dermis. While they are generally not raised, they require careful monitoring and treatment.
Compound Moles:
A combination of dermal and junctional moles, compound moles can be either raised or flat. Some may have hair, while others do not. Treatment approaches for compound moles depend on individual circumstances.
Mole Removal Methods
When it comes to removing moles, there are two primary methods:
Surgery:
Surgical removal is often recommended for deeper moles or when there is a concern about malignant cells. Although surgery may leave some scarring, it is a thorough and safe method. A post-surgical examination of the mole is conducted to ensure no malignant cells remain.
Laser Treatment:
This method typically involves a two-step process. Initially, a carbon dioxide laser is used to remove the top layer of the mole, followed by a pigment laser to eliminate any remaining pigmentation. Recovery from laser treatment usually spans 3-5 days, during which slight redness and peeling may occur. Depending on the pigmentation, the mole may lighten or darken after treatment, and multiple sessions might be necessary for complete removal.
The Importance of Self-Examination
Understanding the differences between moles and melanomas, along with regular self-examination is crucial for early detection of potential skin issues. The following “ABC” method can be a helpful tool for assessing moles:
Asymmetry: Check if the mole is symmetrical. Asymmetry may indicate a risk of malignancy.
Border: Look for uneven or scalloped edges.
Colour: Ideally, a mole should be a single colour. Multiple colours can be a warning sign.
Diameter: Moles larger than 6 mm should be examined closely.
Evolution: Monitor any changes in the mole’s appearance. If you notice any changes, consult a dermatologist promptly.
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